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Abstract Detail



Population Genetics/Genomics

Villaverde, Tamara [1], Villa Machío, Irene [2], Caujape-Castells, Juli [3], Riina, Ricarda [4], Sanmartin, Isabel [5].

The almighty Ricinus: a phylogenomic study sheds new light on the historical domestication and invasive potential of castor bean.

The introduction of invasive species, often associated with human actions, is currently regarded as one of the most important threats to terrestrial ecosystems globally. Ricinus communis is an economically and culturally important species, known in ancient times for its medicinal and magical uses, and today for its importance in automotive, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries, as well as for its popularity as an ornamental plant. In the last decades, the species has also become an exotic invasive species in many areas of the world. We used target sequencing with genome skimming (HybSeq) to sequence hundreds of low-copy nuclear genes from a representative sampling of R. communis worldwide (76 samples newly sequenced). Capture success was high in samples collected in the early twentieth century, and we managed to sequence nearly 90% of the targeted genome from a sample collected by A.J. Cavanilles in Valencia (Spain) in 1792, demonstrating the power of herbariomics to provide historical genetic records. We then employed phylogenomic methods and demographic models to reconstruct intraspecific relationships using DNA sequences, and to provide accurate estimates of population-level genomic diversity using single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs). We also estimated the ecological climatic niche of the species in both native and invasive ranges (c. 8,000 occurrences) and used species model distribution to project it across a variety of temporal scenarios. Effects of admixture and frequent introgression were observed in Ricinus. We report three main genotypes: one distributed in Africa as well as in subtropical and tropical regions of the Southern Hemisphere; and two others distributed mainly in the Iberian Peninsula and the western Palearctic biogeographic region, but also present in India, the Neotropics, and the Canarian Archipelago. Samples from Ethiopia and Somalia, the putative native range of Ricinus, exhibited both unique and globally widespread genotypes. Phylodynamic geographic models and admixture analysis revealed frequent events of migration and introgression between regions of the world that could be linked to historical commerce during the Great Age of Exploration. Characterization of Ricinus ecological niche outside its putative area of origin shows that the species has been able to establish in novel climates, not present in its native range. Ecological niche models projected into the present and future showed that Ricinus communis has wide climatic tolerances, in congruence with its invasive status, but that seasonality and precipitation in the driest month appear to be the most restrictive factors for maintaining viable populations.


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EUGENIA project website at Real Jardin Botanico-CSIC


1 - Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Departamento de Biodiversidad, Ecología y Evolución, C/ José Antonio Novais, 12, Ciudad Universitaria, Madrid, 28040, Spain
2 - Real Jardín Botánico, CSIC, Plaza de Murillo 2, Madrid, Madrid, 28014, Spain
3 - Jardín Botánico Canario "Viera y Clavijo"-Unidad Asociada al CSI, Camino del palmeral 15, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35017, Spain
4 - Real Jardin Botanico CSIC, Plaza De Murillo 2, Madrid, M, Madrid 28014, Spain
5 - Real Jardin Botanico, CSIC, Department Of Biodiversity And Conservation, Plaza De Murillo 2, Madrid, M, 28014, Spain

Keywords:
none specified

Presentation Type: Oral Paper
Session: PGG3, Population Genetics and Genomics III
Location: /
Date: Wednesday, July 21st, 2021
Time: 12:30 PM(EDT)
Number: PGG3001
Abstract ID:634
Candidate for Awards:None


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