Abstract Detail

Phylogenomics

Salomon, Luciana [1], Kandziora, Martha [2], Gorospe, Juan Manuel [2], Fer, Tomas [1], Kolar, Filip [1], Sklenar, Petr [3], Schmickl, Roswitha [4].

Hybrid speciation in Senecio (Asteraceae, Senecioneae) from the Andes: insights from phylogenomics.

The Andes hold one of the highest plant species diversity in the world. How such diversity originated is one of the most intriguing questions in studies addressing the pattern of plant diversity worldwide. Recently, the explosive adaptive radiations found in high Andean groups have been pointed as major triggers of this spectacular diversity. The Andes are one of the most species-rich area for the largest genus from the Asteraceae family, Senecio. There, the genus presents an incredible variation in growth forms and ecological niche space. If this diversity of Andean Senecio can be explained by a monophyletic origin and subsequent radiation has not been tested up to now. Previous studies trying to disentangle the evolutionary history of some Andean Senecio struggled with the relatively low resolution and support of the phylogenies, which is indicative of recently radiated groups. Using Hyb-Seq, we now have a powerful approach to address phylogenetic questions in groups whose evolutionary histories are recent and rapid. We used this approach for Senecio to build a phylogenetic backbone on which to study the mechanisms shaping its hyper-diversity in the Andes, focusing on Senecio ser. Culcitium, an exclusively Andean and well circumscribed group presenting large morphological variation and which is widely distributed across the Andes. We generated Hyb-Seq data for about 130 accessions of Senecio. By using standard data analysis work flows and a newly developed tool to utilize paralogs for phylogenetic reconstruction, we investigated the robustness of the species tree. Fully resolved and moderately supported species trees were obtained, showing Senecio ser. Culcitium as monophyletic. Within this group, some species formed well-supported clades congruent with morphology, while some species would not have exclusive ancestry, in concordance with previous studies showing a geographic differentiation. Additionally, paralogs were detected for a high number of loci, indicating duplication events and hybridization, common in Senecio ser. Culcitium, might have lead to hybrid speciation.

1 - Charles University, Botany, Benátská 2, Prague, 128 01 , Czech Republic
2 - Department Of Botany, Faculty Of Science - Charles University, Benatska 2, Prague, PR, 12800, Czech Republic
3 - Charles University, Department Of Botany, BENATSKA 2, PRAHA, PR, 12801, Czech Republic
4 - Charles University, Department Of Botany, Faculty Of Science, Benatska 2, Prague, 12800, Czech Republic

Keywords:
Andes
evolutionary radiation
hybridization
paralogy
Senecio.

Presentation Type: Poster
Session: P3, Phylogenomics Posters
Location: Virtual/Virtual
Date: Wednesday, July 21st, 2021
Time: 5:00 PM(EDT)
Number: P3PL026
Abstract ID:1097
Candidate for Awards:None